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	MRA-594 Anopheles gambiae ZANU (Live Mosquitoes)

Organism:	Anopheles gambiae
Designations:	ZANU
Isolation:	Isolated by CF Curtis, 1982
Depositors:	H Ranson, FH Collins
Biosafety Level:	1
Shipped:	room temperature live eggs
Phenotype:	DDT Resistance conferred by elevated GST activity.
Applications:	production of live eggs
Comments:	Description- Only stock of A. gambiae known (2002) to express increased resistance to DDT due to elevated metabolism (according to H. Ranson). Original ZANDS stock was selected with DDT in the larval stage. ZAN/U was selected in the adult stage. MR4 performs selection on L4s. Selection can be performed on adults using 4% DDT WHO papers.This stock contains a glutathionine-S-transferase mechanism and elevated beta-esterase activity. ID for species by morphological standard every 5 generations.Treat with DDT as L4 at 0.4 mg/liter for 24 h every 5 generations. Record number of dead and survivors after treatment. (food must be included in the container during the treatment.)ID 25 for species by PCR using gambiae complex primers every 10 generations.Only stock of A. gambiae known (2002) to express increased resistance to DDT due to elevated metabolism (according to H. Ranson). Original ZANDS stock was selected with DDT in the larval stage. ZAN/U was selected in the adult stage. MR4 performs selection on L4s. Selection can be performed on adults using 4% DDT WHO papers Application- DDT resistance conferred by increased glutathione S transferase activity.
Availability Status:	In Stock
References:	16172486: Lines, J.D. and N.S. Nassor. DDT resistance in Anopheles gambiae declines with mosquito age. Medical and Veterinary Entomology 261-265, 1991. PMID 1768918 16172487: Hemingway, J. Biochemical studies on malathion resistance in Anopheles arabiensis from Sudan. Transactions of the Royal Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene 477-480, 1983. PMID 6636275 16172488: Prapanthadara LA, Kuttastep S, Hemingway J, Ketterman AJ. Characterization of the major form of glutathione transferase in the mosquito Anopheles dirus A. Biochem Soc Trans. 1995 Feb;23 (1):81S PMID 7758801
Citations:	Acknowledgment for publications should read "The following reagent was obtained through the MR4 as part of the BEI Resources Repository, NIAID, NIH: Anopheles gambiae ZANU, MRA-594, deposited by H Ranson, FH Collins."

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