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Product Name:
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EGS
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Manufacturer:
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BEI Resources
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Taxonomy:
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Protozoa Classification: Apicomplexa, Toxoplasma
Species: Toxoplasma gondii
Strain: EGS
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Material Provided:
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Each vial of NR-44106 contains approximately 0.5 mL of culture in cryopreservative [7.5% dimethylsulfoxide (DMSO)]. Please refer to the Certificate of Analysis for the specific culture media used for each lot and to Appendix I for cryopreservation instructions.
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Packing/Storage:
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NR-44106 was packaged aseptically in screw-capped plastic cryovials and is provided frozen on dry ice. The product should be stored at -130°C or colder, preferably in the vapor phase of a liquid nitrogen freezer. If liquid nitrogen storage facilities are not available, frozen cryovials may be stored at -70°C or colder for approximately one week.
Note: Do not under any circumstances store vials at temperatures warmer than -70°C. Storage under these conditions will result in the death of the culture.
To ensure the highest level of viability, the culture should be initiated immediately upon receipt. Any warming of the product during shipping and transfer must be avoided, as this will adversely affect the viability of the product. For transfer between freezers and for shipping, the product may be placed on dry ice for brief periods, although use of a portable liquid nitrogen carrier is preferred. Please read the following recommendations prior to using this material.
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Growth Conditions:
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Dulbecco's Minimal Essential Medium (DMEM) adjusted to contain 10% (v/v) heat-inactivated fetal bovine serum (HIFBS)
Green monkey kidney epithelial cells (ATCC ® CCL-26™)
Human foreskin fibroblast cells (ATCC ® CRL-1634™)
Incubation:
Temperature: 37°C
Atmosphere: Aerobic with 5% CO 2
Propagation:
1. To establish a culture from the frozen state, place a vial in a 35°C to 37°C water bath. Thawing time is approximately 2 to 3 minutes. Do not agitate the vial. Do not leave the vial in the water bath after it is thawed.
2. Immediately after thawing, aseptically transfer the contents to a vented-cap tissue culture flask containing a fresh monolayer of green monkey kidney epithelial cells (ATCC ® CCL-26™) or human foreskin fibroblast cells (ATCC ® CRL-1634™) and 10 mL of DMEM containing 10% (v/v) HIFBS.
3. Incubate at 37°C in an aerobic atmosphere with 5% CO 2. Observe the culture daily under an inverted microscope for the presence of parasitophorous vacuoles.
Maintenance:
1. Remove the medium from a fresh confluent monolayer of green monkey kidney epithelial cells (ATCC ® CCL-26™) or human foreskin fibroblast cells (ATCC ® CRL-1634™) in a tissue culture flask and replace it with 10 mL medium containing 10% (v/v) HIFBS.
2. Remove the medium from the Toxoplasma culture when approximately 50% of the host cell monolayer has lysed. Centrifuge the parasites that had been released into the medium at 1300 × g for 10 minutes.
3. Remove the supernatant and resuspend the cell pellet in a small volume (0.5 mL to 1 mL) of DMEM containing 10% (v/v) HIFBS or phosphate buffered saline (PBS). Transfer the resuspended pellet to the fresh flask of host cells, prepared in step 1 above. Follow step 3 in Propagation.
Please refer to Appendix I for cryopreservation instructions. |
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Disclaimers:
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You are authorized to use this product for research use only. It is not intended for human use. Use of this product is subject to the terms and conditions of the BEI Resources Material Transfer Agreement (MTA). The MTA is available on our Web site at www.beiresources.org. While BEI Resources uses reasonable efforts to include accurate and up-to-date information on this product sheet, neither ATCC® nor the U.S. Government makes any warranties or representations as to its accuracy. Citations from scientific literature and patents are provided for informational purposes only. Neither ATCC® nor the U.S. Government warrants that such information has been confirmed to be accurate. This product is sent with the condition that you are responsible for its safe storage, handling, use and disposal. ATCC® and the U.S. Government are not liable for any damages or injuries arising from receipt and/ or use of this product. While reasonable effort is made to ensure authenticity and reliability of materials on deposit, the U.S. Government, ATCC®, their suppliers and contributors to BEI Resources are not liable for damages arising from the misidentification or misrepresentation of products. |
References:
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1. Vidigal, P. V. T., et al. “Prenatal Toxoplasmosis Diagonosis from Amniotic Fluid by PCR.” Rev. Soc. Bras. Med. Trop. 35 (2002): 1-6. PubMed: 11873253.
2. Ferreira, A. M., et al. “Genetic Analysis of Natural Recombinant Brazilian Toxoplasma gondii Strains by Multilocus PCR-RFLP.” Infect. Genet. Evol. 6 (2006): 22-31. PubMed: 16376837.
3. Ferriera, A. M., M. S. Martins and R. W. Vitor. “Virulence for BALB/c Mice and Antigenic Diversity of Eight Toxoplasma gondii Strains Isolated from Animals and Humans in Brazil.” Parasite 8 (2001): 99-105. PubMed: 11474987.
4. Paredes-Santos, T. C., et al. “Spontaneous Cystogenesis in vitro of a Brazilian Strain of Toxoplasma gondii.” Parasitol. Int. 62 (2013): 181-188. PubMed: 23269201.
5. Howe, D. K. and L. D. Sibley. “ Toxoplasma gondii Comprises Three Clonal Lineages: Correlation of Parasite Genotype with Human Disease.” J. Infect. Dis. 172 (1995): 1561-1566. PubMed: 7594717.
6. Sibley, L. D. and J. C. Boothroyd. “Virulent Strains of Toxoplasma gondii Comprise a Single Clonal Lineage.” Nature 359 (1992): 82-85. PubMed: 1355855.
7. Khan, A., et al. “Composite Genome Map and Recombination Parameters Derived from Three Archetypal Lineages of Toxoplasma gondii.” Nucleic Acids Res. 33 (2005): 2980-2992. PubMed: 15911631.
8. Sibley, L. D., et al. “Generation of a Restriction Fragment Length Polymorphism Linkage Map for Toxoplasma gondii.” Genetics 132 (1992): 1003-1015. PubMed: 1360931.
9. Khan, A., et al. “Recent Transcontinental Sweep of Toxoplasma gondii Driven by a Single Monomorphic Chromosome.” Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 104 (2007): 14872-14877. PubMed: 17804804.
10. Sinai, A. P., et al. “Bradyzoite and Sexual Stage Development.” In: L. M. Weiss and K. Kim, Toxoplasma gondii: The Model Apicomplexan – Perspectives and Methods (3rd ed.). Elsevier, 2020. 807-857.
11. Tenter, A. M., A. R. Heckeroth and L. M. Weiss. “ Toxoplasma gondii: From Animals to Humans.” Int. J. Parasitol. 30 (2000): 1217-1258. PubMed: 11113252.
12. Lyons, R. E., R. McCleod and C. W. Roberts. “Toxoplasma gondii Tachyzoite-Bradyzoite Interconversion.” Trends Parasitol. 18 (2002): 198-201. PubMed: 11983592. |
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Citation:
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Acknowledgment for publications should read "The following reagent was obtained through BEI Resources, NIAID, NIH: Toxoplasma gondii, Strain EGS, NR-44106."
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Biosafety Level:
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2
Appropriate safety procedures should always be used with this material. Laboratory safety is discussed in the following publication: U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, Public Health Service, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, and National Institutes of Health. Biosafety in Microbiological and Biomedical Laboratories (BMBL). Current Edition. Washington, DC: U.S. Government Printing Office.
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