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Product Name:
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NMRI, Adult Schistosomes from Infected Swiss Outbred Mice (Frozen)
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Ownership statement:
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This reagent is the property of the U.S. Government.
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Manufacturer:
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Margaret Mentink-Kane, Principal Investigator, Schistosomiasis Resource Center, Biomedical Research Institute, Rockville, Maryland, USA (NIH-NIAID Contract HHSN2700014l)
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Taxonomy:
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Flatworm Classification: Schistosomatidae, Schistosoma
Species: Schistosoma mansoni
Strain: NMRI
Host: Mus musculus (mouse)
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Additional Information:
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S. mansoni is a species of trematode worm that causes the chronic parasitic disease schistosomiasis. Worldwide, more than 200 million people are infected, and nearly 700 million are at risk, primarily in areas with poor sanitation that lack access to safe drinking water.3
Infection occurs through contact with larval-stage schistosomes (cercariae) that are released by freshwater snails. Upon exposure to infested water, these larvae penetrate human skin and travel through blood vessels to the liver where they mature and deposit eggs. Some of these eggs are then passed through human feces into water to re-infect the snail host and continue the parasite’s life cycle. Schistosome eggs that remain in the human body cause an immune response and damage to internal organs.3
NR-59941 was produced in Biomphalaria glabrata (B. glabrata), strain NMRI, which were exposed to S. mansoni, strain NMRI, miracidia. After at least 4 weeks of infection, cercariae were harvested. Swiss Outbred mice were percutaneously exposed to the cercariae and housed at the Biomedical Research Institute (Rockville, MD) until 6-7 weeks post-infection. Thereafter, mice were euthanized, and the adult worms were collected through a perfusion protocol.4,5
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Material Provided:
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NR-59941 consists of adult schistosomes (males and females) from Swiss Outbred mice (Taconic Biosciences Inc.) in perfusate. Worms are collected through mouse perfusion.
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Packing/Storage:
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Approximately ≥ 100 male and female worms are placed in 2 mL cryovials and shipped in an insulated shipper with dry ice. Upon arrival, the worms should be stored at -80°C.
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Disclaimers:
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You are authorized to use this product for research use only. It is not intended for human use. Use of this product is subject to the terms and conditions of the BEI Resources Material Transfer Agreement (MTA). The MTA is available on our Web site at www.beiresources.org. While BEI Resources uses reasonable efforts to include accurate and up-to-date information on this product sheet, neither ATCC® nor the U.S. Government makes any warranties or representations as to its accuracy. Citations from scientific literature and patents are provided for informational purposes only. Neither ATCC® nor the U.S. Government warrants that such information has been confirmed to be accurate. This product is sent with the condition that you are responsible for its safe storage, handling, use and disposal. ATCC® and the U.S. Government are not liable for any damages or injuries arising from receipt and/ or use of this product. While reasonable effort is made to ensure authenticity and reliability of materials on deposit, the U.S. Government, ATCC®, their suppliers and contributors to BEI Resources are not liable for damages arising from the misidentification or misrepresentation of products. |
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Patents or other restrictions:
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This material may be subject to third party patent rights.
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References:
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1. Lewis, F. A., Personal Communication.
2. Lewis, F. A., et al. “Large-Scale Laboratory Maintenance of Schistosoma mansoni, with Observations on Three Schistosome/Snail Host Combinations.” J. Parasitol. 72 (1986): 813-829. PubMed: 3546654.
3. Verjee, M. A. “Schistosomiasis: Still a Cause of Significant Morbidity and Mortality.” Res. Rep. Trop. Med. 10 (2019): 153-163. PubMed: 32099508.
4. Park, S.-K., et al. “Mechanism of Praziquantel Action at a Parasitic Flatworm Ion Channel.” Sci. Transl. Med. 13 (2021): eabj5832. PubMed: 34936384.
5. Tucker, M. S., et al. “Schistosomiasis.” Curr. Protoc. Immunol. 103 (2013): 19.1.1-19.1.58. PubMed: 24510597.
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Citation:
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Acknowledgment for publications should read “The following reagent was provided by the Schistosomiasis Resource Center of the Biomedical Research Institute through NIH-NIAID Contract HHSN272201700014I for distribution through BEI Resources, NIAID, NIH: Schistosoma mansoni, Strain NMRI, Adult Schistosomes from Infected Swiss Outbred Mice (Frozen), NR-59941.
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Biosafety Level:
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1
Appropriate safety procedures should always be used with this material. Laboratory safety is discussed in the following publication: U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, Public Health Service, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, and National Institutes of Health. Biosafety in Microbiological and Biomedical Laboratories (BMBL). Current Edition. Washington, DC: U.S. Government Printing Office.
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