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Product Name:
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2394
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Manufacturer:
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BEI Resources
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Taxonomy:
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Classification: Onygenales, Coccidioides
Species: Coccidioides immitis
Strain/Isolate: 2394 (also referred to as RMSCC 2394 and CBS 120936NT)1,2
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Additional Information:
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C. immitis is a dimorphic fungal pathogen and causative agent of coccidioidomycosis, also known as San Joaquin Valley fever, in both immunocompetent and immunocompromised humans, as well as in mammals, primarily in arid regions of North and South America.3 Transmission occurs through inhalation of the infectious airborne arthroconidia from soil, which undergo an asexual life cycle and enlarge to form parasitic spherules that eventually rupture to release endospores, leading to a potentially fatal, disseminated disease.3-5 While transmission between hosts has not been established, infection through transplanted tissues has occurred.6 The original classification as a single species with two distinct geographic populations, California and non-California C. immitis, has evolved, with the non-California isolates established as a new species, C. posadasii, in 2002 4,7,8 The current geographic distribution of C. immitis isolates includes Central and Southern California, Arizona, Utah, Washington, the Baja California region of Mexico, and Colombia 4,6,9 Analysis of hybrid genotypes suggests the two species may co-exist in nature and undergo sexual reproduction, with predominant gene flow from C. posadasii to C. immitis.4,10,11
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Material Provided:
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Each vial of NR-48937 contains approximately 0.7 mL of fungal culture containing 20% glycerol.
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Packing/Storage:
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NR-48937 was packaged aseptically in cryovials and is provided frozen on dry ice. The product should be stored at -70°C or colder.
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Growth Conditions:
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Media:
Emmons’ Modified Sabouraud Dextrose broth or Yeast Mold (YM) broth or equivalent
Emmons’ Modified Sabouraud Dextrose agar or equivalent
Incubation:
Temperature: 37°C
Atmosphere: Aerobic
Propagation:
1. Keep vial frozen until ready for use; thaw rapidly in a water bath at 25°C to 30°C. Typically, this takes less than 5 minutes.
2. Transfer the entire contents of the vial into Emmons’ Modified Sabouraud Dextrose broth.
3. Incubate at 37°C for 6 to 12 days.
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Disclaimers:
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You are authorized to use this product for research use only. It is not intended for human use. Use of this product is subject to the terms and conditions of the BEI Resources Material Transfer Agreement (MTA). The MTA is available on our Web site at www.beiresources.org. While BEI Resources uses reasonable efforts to include accurate and up-to-date information on this product sheet, neither ATCC® nor the U.S. Government makes any warranties or representations as to its accuracy. Citations from scientific literature and patents are provided for informational purposes only. Neither ATCC® nor the U.S. Government warrants that such information has been confirmed to be accurate. This product is sent with the condition that you are responsible for its safe storage, handling, use and disposal. ATCC® and the U.S. Government are not liable for any damages or injuries arising from receipt and/ or use of this product. While reasonable effort is made to ensure authenticity and reliability of materials on deposit, the U.S. Government, ATCC®, their suppliers and contributors to BEI Resources are not liable for damages arising from the misidentification or misrepresentation of products. |
References:
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1. Barker, B. M., Personal Communication.
2. Tintelnot, K., et al. “Taxonomic and Diagnostic Markers for Identification of Coccidioides immitis and Coccidioides posadasii. Med. Mycol. 45 (2007): 385-393. PubMed: 17654264.
3. Whiston, E., et al. “Comparative Transcriptomics of the Saprobic and Parasitic Growth Phases in Coccidioides spp.” PLoS One 7 (2012): e41034. PubMed: 22911737.
4. Teixeira, M. M. and B. M. Barker. “Use of Population Genetics to Assess the Ecology, Evolution, and Population Structure of Coccidioides.” Emerg. Infect. Dis. 22 (2016): 1022-1030. PubMed: 22911737.
5. Lewis, E. R., J. R. Bowers and B. M. Barker. “Dust Devil: The Life and Times of the Fungus that Causes Valley Fever.” PLoS Pathogen 11 (2015): e1004762. PubMed: 25973899.
6. Luna-Isaac, J. A., et al. “Genetic Analysis of the Endemic Fungal Pathogens Coccidioides posadasii and Coccidioides immitis in Mexico.” Med. Mycol. 52 (2014): 156-166. PubMed: 24577001.
7. Sano, A., et al. “Reexamination of Coccidioides spp. Reserved in the Research Center for Pathogenic Fungi and Microbial Toxicoses, Chiba University, Based on a Multiple Gene Analysis.” Nihon Ishinkin Gakkai Zasshi 47 (2006): 113-117. PubMed: 16699492.
8. Fischer, M. C., et al. “Molecular and Phenotypic Description of Coccidioides posadasii sp. nov., Previously Recognized as the Non-California Population of Coccidioides immitis.” Mycologia 94 (2002): 73-84. PubMed: 21156479.
9. Litvintseva, A. P., et al. “Valley Fever: Finding New Places for an Old Disease: Coccidioides immitis Found in Washington State Soil Associated with Recent Human Infection.” Clin. Infect. Dis. 60 (2015): e1-3. PubMed: 25165087.
10. Neafsey, D. E., et al. “Population Genomic Sequencing of Coccidioides Fungi Reveals Recent Hybridization and Transposon Control.” Genome Res. 20 (2010): 938-946. PubMed: 20516208.
11. Koufopanou, V., A. Burt and J. W. Taylor. “Concordance of Gene Genealogies Reveals Reproductive Isolation in the Pathogenic Fungus Coccidioides immitis.” Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 94 (1997): 5478-5482. PubMed: 9144263.
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Citation:
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Acknowledgment for publications should read "The following reagent was obtained through BEI Resources, NIAID, NIH: Coccidioides immitis, Strain 2394, NR-48937."
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Biosafety Level:
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3
Appropriate safety procedures should always be used with this material. Laboratory safety is discussed in the following publication: U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, Public Health Service, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, and National Institutes of Health. Biosafety in Microbiological and Biomedical Laboratories (BMBL). Current Edition. Washington, DC: U.S. Government Printing Office.
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