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Product Name:
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TC-83 (subtype IA/B)
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Manufacturer:
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BEI Resources
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Taxonomy:
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Virus Classification: Togaviridae, Alphavirus
Species: Venezuelan equine encephalitis virus
Strain/Isolate: TC-83
Subtype/Serotype: IA/B1
(Derived from ATCC® VR-1249™)
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Material Provided:
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Each vial contains approximately 1 mL of cell lysate and supernatant from Chlorocebus aethiops kidney epithelial cells infected with Venezuelan equine encephalitis virus, TC-83.
Note: If homogeneity is required for your intended use, please purify prior to initiating work.
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Packing/Storage:
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NR-63 was packaged aseptically in cryovials. The product is provided frozen and should be stored at -60°C or colder immediately upon arrival. For long-term storage, the vapor phase of a liquid nitrogen freezer is recommended. Freeze-thaw cycles should be avoided.
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Growth Conditions:
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Host: Chlorocebus aethiops kidney epithelial cells (Vero; ATCC® CCL-81™)
Growth Medium: Eagle’s Minimum Essential Medium containing Earle’s Balanced Salt Solution, non-essential amino acids, 2 mM L-glutamine, 1 mM sodium pyruvate and 1.5 g/L of sodium bicarbonate supplemented with 2% fetal bovine serum, or equivalent
Infection: Cells should be 80% to 90% confluent
Incubation: 6 to 8 days at 37°C and 5% CO2
Cytopathic Effect: Cell rounding and cell lysis
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Disclaimers:
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You are authorized to use this product for research use only. It is not intended for human use. Use of this product is subject to the terms and conditions of the BEI Resources Material Transfer Agreement (MTA). The MTA is available on our Web site at www.beiresources.org. While BEI Resources uses reasonable efforts to include accurate and up-to-date information on this product sheet, neither ATCC® nor the U.S. Government makes any warranties or representations as to its accuracy. Citations from scientific literature and patents are provided for informational purposes only. Neither ATCC® nor the U.S. Government warrants that such information has been confirmed to be accurate. This product is sent with the condition that you are responsible for its safe storage, handling, use and disposal. ATCC® and the U.S. Government are not liable for any damages or injuries arising from receipt and/ or use of this product. While reasonable effort is made to ensure authenticity and reliability of materials on deposit, the U.S. Government, ATCC®, their suppliers and contributors to BEI Resources are not liable for damages arising from the misidentification or misrepresentation of products. |
References:
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1. Weaver, S. C., et al. “Genetic Evidence for the Origins of Venezuelan Equine Encephalitis Virus Subtype IAB Outbreaks.” Am. J. Trop. Med. Hyg. 60 (1999): 441–448. PubMed: 10466974.
2. Randall, R. and J. W. Mills. “Fatal Encephalitis in Man Due to the Venezuelan Virus of Equine Encephalomyelitis in Trinidad.” Science 99 (1944): 225–226. PubMed: 17844380.
3. Berge, T. O., I. S. Banks, and W. D. Tigertt. “Attenuation of Venezuelan Equine Encephalomyelitis Virus by In Vitro Cultivation in Guinea-Pig Heart Cells.” Am. J. Hyg. 73 (1961): 209–218.
4. Johnson, B. J., R. M. Kinney, C. L. Kost, and D. W. Trent. “Molecular Determinants of Alphavirus Neurovirulence: Nucleotide and Deduced Protein Sequence Changes During Attenuation of Venezuelan Equine Encephalitis Virus.” J. Gen. Virol. 67 (1986): 1951–1960. PubMed: 3755750. GenBank: L01443.
5. Kinney, R. M., et al. “The Full-Length Nucleotide Sequences of the Virulent Trinidad Donkey Strain of Venezuelan Equine Encephalitis Virus and Its Attenuated Vaccine Derivative, Strain TC-83.” Virology 170 (1989): 19–30. PubMed: 2524126. GenBank: L01443.
6. Kinney, R. M., et al. “Attenuation of Venezuelan Equine Encephalitis Virus Strain TC-83 is Encoded by the 5’-Noncoding Region and the E2 Envelope Glycoprotein.” J. Virol. 67 (1993): 1269–1277. PubMed: 7679745.
7. Paessler, S., et al. “Replication and Clearance of Venezuelan Equine Encephalitis Virus from the Brains of Animals Vaccinated with Chimeric SIN/VEE Viruses.” J. Virol. 80 (2006): 2784–2796. PubMed: 16501087.
8. Rao, V., M. E. Hinz, B. A. Roberts, and D. Fine. “Environmental Hazard Assessment of Venezuelan Equine Encephalitis Virus Vaccine Candidate Strain V3526.” Vaccine 22 (2004): 2667–2673. PubMed: 15193393.
9. Paessler S., et al. “Recombinant Sindbis/Venezuelan Equine Encephalitis Virus is Highly Attenuated and Immunogenic.” J. Virol. 77 (2003): 9278–9286. PubMed: 12915543.
10. Ludwig, G. V., et al. “Comparative Neurovirulence of Attenuated and Non-Attenuated Strains of Venezuelan Equine Encephalitis Virus in Mice.” Am. J. Trop. Med. Hyg. 64 (2001): 49–55. PubMed: 11425162.
11. Smith, D. R., et al. “Venezuelan Equine Encephalitis Virus Transmission and Effect on Pathogenesis.” Emerg. Infect. Dis. 12 (2006): 1190–1196. PubMed: 16965696.
12. Anishchenko, M., et al. “Venezuelan Encephalitis Emergence Mediated by a Phylogenetically Predicted Viral Mutation.” Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 103 (2006): 4994–4999. PubMed: 16549790.
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Citation:
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Acknowledgment for publications should read "The following reagent was obtained through BEI Resources, NIAID, NIH: Venezuelan Equine Encephalitis Virus, TC-83, NR-63."
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Biosafety Level:
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2
Appropriate safety procedures should always be used with this material. Laboratory safety is discussed in the following publication: U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, Public Health Service, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, and National Institutes of Health. Biosafety in Microbiological and Biomedical Laboratories (BMBL). Current Edition. Washington, DC: U.S. Government Printing Office.
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