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Product Name:
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SAAR 1776
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Manufacturer:
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BEI Resources
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Taxonomy:
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Virus Classification: Flaviviridae, Flavivirus
Species: Usutu virus
Strain/Isolate: SAAR 1776
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Additional Information:
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USUV is an emerging mosquito-borne flavivirus that circulates in several mosquito species and birds, with humans as incidental hosts.3 It belongs to the Japanese encephalitis virus (JEV) serocomplex and is closely related to West Nile virus, Murray Valley encephalitis virus and JEV.3
USUV was first discovered in 1959 in South Africa, and has since spread into Europe and is considered endemic in Central and Eastern European regions.3,4 The first case of human infection in Europe was reported in 2009 when the virus was isolated from the cerebrospinal fluid of an immunocompromised individual suffering from meningoencephalitis.5 Later, USUV neuroinvasive infection was detected in immunocompetent individuals in Croatia in 2013.6 Even though the reported cases of human infection are sporadic, there is increased evidence of adaptive mutations for improved fitness of USUV in the human host, requiring a greater need for attention to USUV as a human pathogen moving forward.4,7
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Material Provided:
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Each vial contains approximately 1 mL of cell lysate and supernatant from Chlorocebus aethiops kidney epithelial cells (Vero E6; ATCC® CRL-1586™) infected with USUV, SAAR 1776.
Note: If homogeneity is required for your intended use, please purify prior to initiating work.
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Packing/Storage:
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NR-51184 was packaged aseptically in cryovials. The product is provided frozen and should be stored at -60°C or colder immediately upon arrival. For long-term storage, the vapor phase of a liquid nitrogen freezer is recommended. Freeze-thaw cycles should be avoided.
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Growth Conditions:
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Host: Chlorocebus aethiops kidney epithelial cells (Vero E6; ATCC® CRL-1586™)
Growth Medium: Eagle’s Minimum Essential Medium containing Earle’s Balanced Salt Solution, non-essential amino acids, 2 mM L-glutamine, 1 mM sodium pyruvate and 1.5 g/L of sodium bicarbonate supplemented with 2% fetal bovine serum, or equivalent
Infection: Cells should be 70% to 80% confluent
Incubation: 5 to 10 days at 37°C and 5% CO2
Cytopathic Effect: Cell rounding and sloughing
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Disclaimers:
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You are authorized to use this product for research use only. It is not intended for human use. Use of this product is subject to the terms and conditions of the BEI Resources Material Transfer Agreement (MTA). The MTA is available on our Web site at www.beiresources.org. While BEI Resources uses reasonable efforts to include accurate and up-to-date information on this product sheet, neither ATCC® nor the U.S. Government makes any warranties or representations as to its accuracy. Citations from scientific literature and patents are provided for informational purposes only. Neither ATCC® nor the U.S. Government warrants that such information has been confirmed to be accurate. This product is sent with the condition that you are responsible for its safe storage, handling, use and disposal. ATCC® and the U.S. Government are not liable for any damages or injuries arising from receipt and/ or use of this product. While reasonable effort is made to ensure authenticity and reliability of materials on deposit, the U.S. Government, ATCC®, their suppliers and contributors to BEI Resources are not liable for damages arising from the misidentification or misrepresentation of products. |
References:
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1. Russell, B., Personal Communication.
2. Bakonyi, T., et al. “Complete Genome Analysis and Molecular Characterization of Usutu Virus that Emerged in Austria in 2001: Comparison with the South African Strain SAAR-1776 and Other Flavivirus.” Virology 328 (2004): 301-310. PubMed: 15464850.
3. Ashraf, U., et al. “Usutu Virus: An Emerging Flavivirus in Europe.” Viruses 7 (2015): 219-238. PubMed: 25606971.
4. Tetro, J. A. “Is Usutu Virus Ready for Prime Time?” Microbes Infect. 19 (2017): 380-381. PubMed: 28619684.
5. Pecorari, M., et al. “First Human Case of Usutu Virus Neuroinvasive Infection, Italy, August-September 2009.” Euro. Surveill. 14 (2009): 19446. PubMed: 20070936.
6. Santini, M., et al. “First Cases of Human Usutu Virus Neuroinvasive Infection in Croatia, August-September 2013: Clinical and Laboratory Features.” J. Neurovirol. 21 (2015): 92-97. PubMed: 25361698.
7. Gaibani, P., et al. “Comparative Genomic and Phylogenetic Analysis of the Usutu Virus Isolate from a Human Patient Presenting with Neurological Symptoms.” PLoS One 8 (2013): e64761. PubMed: 23741387.
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Citation:
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Acknowledgment for publications should read "The following reagent was obtained through BEI Resources, NIAID, NIH, as part of the WRCEVA program: Usutu Virus, SAAR 1776, NR-51184."
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Biosafety Level:
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2
Appropriate safety procedures should always be used with this material. Laboratory safety is discussed in the following publication: U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, Public Health Service, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, and National Institutes of Health. Biosafety in Microbiological and Biomedical Laboratories (BMBL). Current Edition. Washington, DC: U.S. Government Printing Office.
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