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Product Name:
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USA/WA/2016-19522
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Manufacturer:
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BEI Resources
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Taxonomy:
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Virus Classification: Picornaviridae, Enterovirus
Species: Enterovirus A
Type: A71
Strain/Isolate: USA/WA/2016-19522 (also referred to as USA/2016/19522)
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Additional Information:
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EV-A71, a frequent cause of hand-foot-and-mouth disease, is a human enterovirus which was first identified in 1969.2 EV-A71 can also cause a variety of severe neurological disorders, including aseptic meningitis, brainstem encephalitis and poliomyelitis-like paralysis [acute flaccid myelitis (AFM)]. Most of the fatal cases occur in children less than 5 years of age.3 Since 1997, there has been a significant increase in EV-A71 epidemic activity throughout the Asia-Pacific region.4,5 The pathogenesis of EV-A71 infection, especially the CNS involvement, is not yet clear.6,7 There is no effective antiviral treatment for severe EV-A71 infections and no vaccine is available.
EV-A71 is a small, non-enveloped, icosahedral virus with a single-stranded, approximately 7.5 kb RNA genome of positive polarity. The single open reading frame encodes a large polyprotein of approximately 2200 amino acids and is flanked by untranslated regions at the 5’ and 3’ ends.
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Material Provided:
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Each vial contains approximately 1 mL of cell lysate and supernatant from human lung fibroblast (HLF-a) cells infected with EV-A71, USA/WA/2016-19522.
Note: If homogeneity is required for your intended use, please purify prior to initiating work.
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Packing/Storage:
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NR-51999 was packaged aseptically in cryovials. The product is provided frozen and should be stored at -60°C or colder immediately upon arrival. For long-term storage, the vapor phase of a liquid nitrogen freezer is recommended. Freeze-thaw cycles should be avoided.
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Growth Conditions:
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Host: Human lung fibroblast cells (HLF-a; ATCC® CCL-199™)
Growth Medium: Eagle’s Minimum Essential Medium containing Earle’s Balanced Salt Solution, non-essential amino acids, 2 mM L-glutamine, 1 mM sodium pyruvate and 1.5 g/L of sodium bicarbonate, supplemented with 2% fetal bovine serum, or equivalent
Infection: Cells should be 80% to 90% confluent
Incubation: 3 to 5 days at 37°C and 5% CO2
Cytopathic Effect: Cell rounding and sloughing
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Disclaimers:
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You are authorized to use this product for research use only. It is not intended for human use. Use of this product is subject to the terms and conditions of the BEI Resources Material Transfer Agreement (MTA). The MTA is available on our Web site at www.beiresources.org. While BEI Resources uses reasonable efforts to include accurate and up-to-date information on this product sheet, neither ATCC® nor the U.S. Government makes any warranties or representations as to its accuracy. Citations from scientific literature and patents are provided for informational purposes only. Neither ATCC® nor the U.S. Government warrants that such information has been confirmed to be accurate. This product is sent with the condition that you are responsible for its safe storage, handling, use and disposal. ATCC® and the U.S. Government are not liable for any damages or injuries arising from receipt and/ or use of this product. While reasonable effort is made to ensure authenticity and reliability of materials on deposit, the U.S. Government, ATCC®, their suppliers and contributors to BEI Resources are not liable for damages arising from the misidentification or misrepresentation of products. |
References:
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1. Nix, W. A., Personal Communication.
2. Yan, J.-J., et al. “Complete Genome Analysis of Enterovirus 71 Isolated from an Outbreak in Taiwan and Rapid Identification of Enterovirus 71 and Coxsackievirus A16 by RT-PCR.” J. Med. Virol. 65 (2001): 331-339. PubMed: 11536241.
3. Smee, D. F., et al. “Susceptibilities of Enterovirus D68, Enterovirus 71 and Rhinovirus 87 Strains for Various Antivirus Compounds.” Antiviral Res. 131 (2016): 61-65. PubMed: 27063860.
4. Schmidt, N. J., E. H. Lennette and H. H. Ho. “An Apparently New Enterovirus Isolated from Patients with Disease of the Central Nervous System.” J. Infect. Dis. 129 (1974): 304- 309. PubMed: 4361245.
5. McMinn, P. C. “An Overview of the Evolution of Enterovirus 71 and Its Clinical and Public Health Significance.” FEMS Microbiol. Rev. 26 (2002): 91-107. PubMed: 12007645.
6. Lin, T.-Y., et al. “Enterovirus 71 Outbreaks, Taiwan: Occurrence and Recognition.” Emerg. Infect. Dis. 9 (2003): 291-293. PubMed: 12643822.
7. Chen, C.-S., et al. “Retrograde Axonal Transport: A Major Transmission Route of Enterovirus 71 in Mice.” J. Virol. (2007): 8996-9003. PubMed: 17567704.
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Citation:
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Acknowledgment for publications should read “The following reagent was contributed by Division of Viral Diseases, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention for distribution through BEI Resources, NIAID, NIH: Enterovirus A71, USA/WA/2016-19522, NR-51999.”
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Biosafety Level:
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2
Appropriate safety procedures should always be used with this material. Laboratory safety is discussed in the following publication: U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, Public Health Service, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, and National Institutes of Health. Biosafety in Microbiological and Biomedical Laboratories (BMBL). Current Edition. Washington, DC: U.S. Government Printing Office.
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